【龍騰網(wǎng)】美國民調(diào):對美國太空計(jì)劃的態(tài)度

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Space Exploration: Attitudes toward the U.S. Space Program
太空探索:對美國太空計(jì)劃的態(tài)度
An AP-NORC Poll conducted in May 2019 looks at perceptions of space exploration and the United States space program.
AP-NORC在2019年5月進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)民意調(diào)查,著眼于人們對太空探索和美國太空計(jì)劃的看法。

Ahead of the 50th anniversary of the U.S. moon landing, 60% say the space program has provided enough benefit to the country to justify its cost, while 38% do not consider the country’s expenditures on the space program warranted.?
在美國登月50周年紀(jì)念日前,60%的人認(rèn)為太空計(jì)劃為美國提供了足夠的利益來證明其成本的合理性,而38%的人認(rèn)為美國在太空計(jì)劃上的支出是不合理的。
Most Americans say it is important for the space program to monitor obxts including asteroids, comets, and other obxts that could impact the Earth, as well as scientifically research the universe, our solar system, and the Earth. On the other hand, the establishment of permanent human settlements on other planets or developing an American military presence in space are not considered priorities.?
大多數(shù)美國人說,太空計(jì)劃必須監(jiān)測包括小行星、彗星和其他可能影響地球的物體,以及科學(xué)研究宇宙、太陽系和地球。在其他星球上建立永久性人類住區(qū)或發(fā)展美國在太空的軍事不應(yīng)該被視為優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)。
美國太空計(jì)劃應(yīng)該監(jiān)測可能影響地球的物體并進(jìn)行研究(下圖):
在太空中建立一個(gè)美軍司令部 19
在其他行星上建立永久的人類居住區(qū) 21?
重返月球上 23
送阿斯頓去火星27
在其他行星上尋找生命 34
繼續(xù)資助國際空間站 42
在沒有宇航員的情況下發(fā)送機(jī)器人探測器 47
開展科學(xué)研究,擴(kuò)大對地球太陽系和宇宙的認(rèn)識(shí) 59
監(jiān)測小行星、彗星和其他可能影響地球的太空事件 68

More than 80% say the United States is not leading the world in space exploration. Sixty-four percent say the United States is one of several prominent nations in the field, while 17% say it is not a leading force at all. Another 17% regard the United States as the top country in space exploration.?
超過80%的人說,美國在太空探索方面并不領(lǐng)先世界。64%的人認(rèn)為美國是這一領(lǐng)域的幾個(gè)重要國家之一,17%的人認(rèn)為美國根本不是一支主導(dǎo)力量;另有17%的人認(rèn)為美國是太空探索的第一大國。
Still, most Americans say the federal government should be mostly responsible for space research and exploration, with academia, private companies, and other countries playing a lesser role.?
不過,大多數(shù)美國人說,聯(lián)邦政府應(yīng)該星太空研究和探索的主要責(zé)任,學(xué)術(shù)界、私營公司和其他國家的作用較小。
大多數(shù)美國人說政府應(yīng)該在太空探索中發(fā)揮主要作用(下圖)
There is not overwhelming enthusiasm for returning to the moon. In March, Vice President Mike Pence called for NASA to send astronauts to the moon within five years.[1] Forty-two percent favor that idea, while 20% oppose and 38% neither favor nor oppose.?
重返月球的熱情并不強(qiáng)烈。今年3月,美國副總統(tǒng)彭斯呼吁美國宇航局在5年內(nèi)將宇航員送上月球。
Thirty-seven percent say sending astronauts to Mars should take precedence over going back to the moon, while 18% would rather have NASA send more astronauts to the moon. But 43% do not think either action should be a priority for the country.?
37%的人認(rèn)為送宇航員去火星應(yīng)該優(yōu)先于回月球,18%的人希望美國宇航局送更多宇航員去月球。但43%的人認(rèn)為這兩項(xiàng)行動(dòng)都不應(yīng)成為國家的優(yōu)先事項(xiàng)。
While about half of Americans would take the opportunity to orbit the Earth, most say they have no interest in traveling to the moon or Mars. Space travel has more appeal for younger adults.?
雖然大約一半的美國人希望利用這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)繞地球運(yùn)行,但大多數(shù)人說他們對去月球或火星旅行沒有興趣。太空旅行對年輕人更有吸引力。
年輕的成年人比50歲或以上的成年人更愿意親自進(jìn)入太空(下圖)
藍(lán)色:50以下 灰色: 50以上 第一個(gè):環(huán)地球繞行 ,第二個(gè):月球旅行 ,第三個(gè): 火星旅行

Of the 31% who would take the opportunity to travel to Mars, less than half of them would travel to Mars if there was no chance of returning to Earth.?
31%的人希望有機(jī)會(huì)去火星旅行,這31%中,不到一半的人會(huì)在沒有機(jī)會(huì)返回地球的情況下去火星旅行。
Three-quarters of Americans think life exists elsewhere in the universe; that includes 65% who believe there is extraterrestrial intelligent life. Americans age 50 and older are less likely than younger adults to believe life exists elsewhere (80% vs. 68%).?
四分之三的美國人認(rèn)為宇宙的其他地方有生命存在,其中65%的人認(rèn)為存在外星智慧生命。50歲及以上的美國人比年輕人更不可能相信生命存在于其他地方(80%對68%)。
The nationwide poll was conducted May 17-20, 2019, using the AmeriSpeak? Panel, the probability-based panel of NORC at the University of Chicago. Online and telephone interviews using landlines and cell phones were conducted with 1,137 adults. The margin of sampling error is plus or minus 4.1 percentage points.
這項(xiàng)全國性的民意調(diào)查是在2019年5月17日至20日進(jìn)行的,使用的是Amerispeak?專家組,這是芝加哥大學(xué)Norc基于概率的專家組。利用座機(jī)和手機(jī)對1137名成年人進(jìn)行了在線和電話采訪。抽樣誤差幅度為正負(fù)4.1個(gè)百分點(diǎn)。