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wiki筆記--Centromedian nucleus--2022/3/30

2022-03-30 18:17 作者:yu4le4  | 我要投稿

Centromedian nucleus


Anatomical terms of neuroanatomy

[edit on Wikidata]

In the?anatomy?of the brain, the?centromedian nucleus, also known as the?centrum medianum, (CM?or?Cm-Pf) is a part of the?intralaminar nucleus?(ILN) of the?thalamus. There are two centromedian nuclei arranged bilaterally.

In humans, it contains about 2000?neurons?per cubic millimetre and has a volume of about 310 cubic millimetres with 664,000 neurons in total.[1]

Contents

·?1Input and output

·?2Function

·?3Additional images

·?4Notes and references

·?5External links

Input and output[edit]

It sends?nerve fibres?to the?subthalamic nucleus?and?putamen.

(事實(shí)上,這兩個(gè)投射的作用是相互矛盾的,大概應(yīng)該是centromedian nucleus的不同部分分別投射到subthalamic nucleus?and?putamen。畢竟有的疼痛是導(dǎo)致大量動(dòng)作的產(chǎn)生,比如皮膚上的疼痛,這種疼痛讓centromedian nucleus投射到putamen;而另一些疼痛導(dǎo)致動(dòng)作不能產(chǎn)生,比如腸壁挫傷導(dǎo)致的疼痛,這種疼痛讓centromedian nucleus投射到subthalamic nucleus,這樣的痛完之后反而有一點(diǎn)快感產(chǎn)生,這是因?yàn)閟ubthalamic nucleus直接投射到pedunculopontine nucleus。本詞條并沒(méi)有包含全部centromedian nucleus的輸出對(duì)象,同時(shí)也沒(méi)有披露所使用的遞質(zhì)種類(lèi)是什么,本詞條差評(píng)。)

[2]?It receives nerve fibres from the cerebral cortex

(來(lái)自皮層的輸入,起到的作用是能通過(guò)意識(shí)(cortex)一定程度控制疼痛造成的影響,比如疼痛信息興奮centromedian nucleus后造成動(dòng)作產(chǎn)生,那么就可以通過(guò)意識(shí)來(lái)興奮centromedian nucleus來(lái)抑制動(dòng)作產(chǎn)生。)

,?vestibular nuclei

(墜落過(guò)程中的加速信息很有可能可以影響疼痛信息對(duì)centromedian nucleus的影響)

,?globus pallidus

(這個(gè)核團(tuán)的輸入是能夠抑制centromedian nucleus,所以當(dāng)疼痛信息通過(guò)centromedian nucleus影響putamen時(shí),就會(huì)影響globus pallidus的狀態(tài),從而反過(guò)來(lái)再影響centromedian nucleus,目前不知道centromedian nucleus的軸突是興奮型的還是抑制型的,只能這樣大概分析一下。假設(shè)是興奮型的,那么平時(shí)internal globus pallidus就是去抑制centromedian nucleus,而當(dāng)疼痛信息興奮centromedian nucleus時(shí),就會(huì)讓putamen也興奮,那么會(huì)導(dǎo)致internal globus pallidus被抑制,從而就減少對(duì)centromedian nucleus的抑制,那么centromedian nucleus就會(huì)更加強(qiáng)烈地放電,導(dǎo)致internal globus pallidus更深地被抑制,這時(shí)候丘腦的VLo部分就屬于最不被抑制的狀態(tài),那么此時(shí)在疼痛狀態(tài)下,人的運(yùn)動(dòng)皮層SMA就處于最容易興奮的狀態(tài),最容易被激發(fā),換句話說(shuō),就是疼痛狀態(tài)下最容易觸發(fā)動(dòng)作產(chǎn)生。分析到此,我覺(jué)得centromedian nucleus的軸突應(yīng)該是興奮型的,那類(lèi)能激發(fā)動(dòng)作的疼痛就是這種發(fā)生機(jī)制。那么對(duì)于centromedian nucleus投射到subthalamic nucleus,這類(lèi)疼痛導(dǎo)致subthalamic nucleus更加興奮,從而強(qiáng)烈興奮了internal globus pallidus和substantia

?nigra pars reticulata,進(jìn)一步導(dǎo)致pars compacta被抑制,對(duì)應(yīng)丘腦的部分被抑制,從而導(dǎo)致控制眼球主動(dòng)性轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)的皮層和SMA很不活躍,對(duì)應(yīng)的行為就是主動(dòng)性行為的被抑制,同時(shí)對(duì)另一種疼痛的動(dòng)作性反應(yīng)變?nèi)?,現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中的例子就是,出現(xiàn)自我捶打的行為來(lái)增加皮膚導(dǎo)致的疼,試圖以此來(lái)緩解內(nèi)在的疼。)

,?superior colliculus,?reticular formation, and?spinothalamic tract.

Function[edit]

Its physiological role involves?attention?and?arousal, including control of the level of cortical activity

(這里的提高cortical activity的效果,應(yīng)該是來(lái)自于對(duì)丘腦興奮度的一個(gè)控制,如上面分析,如果對(duì)疼痛敏感,那么就會(huì)導(dǎo)致internal globus pallidus被抑制加深,從而讓對(duì)應(yīng)的運(yùn)動(dòng)皮層對(duì)應(yīng)的丘腦不怎么被抑制,丘腦興奮了,對(duì)應(yīng)的運(yùn)動(dòng)皮層自然也變得興奮活躍。).?

Some frequencies of extracellular electrical stimulation of the centromedian nucleus can cause?absence seizures

(看樣子這種抽搐癥狀的產(chǎn)生是由疼痛引發(fā)的。這種癥狀,人也是可以模擬,演出來(lái),觸電時(shí)的抽搐。睡眠進(jìn)入過(guò)程中的抽搐,大概也是centromedian nucleus通過(guò)疼痛信息造成的吧。)?

(temporary loss of consciousness) although electrical stimulation can be of therapeutic use in intractable?epilepsy?and?Tourette's syndrome.?General anaesthetics?specifically suppress activity in the ILN, including the centromedian nucleus

(這句話的意思應(yīng)該是疼痛信息被抑制后,ILN中的核團(tuán)就不興奮,其中也包含了centromedian nucleus,這說(shuō)明包含centromedian nucleus的ILN主要接收疼痛信息的輸入。)

.?Complete bilateral lesions of the centromedian nucleus can lead to states normally associated with?brain death?such as?coma, death,?persistent vegetative state, forms of?mutism?and?severe delirium. Unilateral lesions can lead to?unilateral thalamic neglect.

這個(gè)詞條中有用信息的占比還是挺高的。centromedian nucleus接受疼痛信息的控制,也能接受皮層的調(diào)控,最終要的是會(huì)去很大程度影響基底神經(jīng)節(jié)中的結(jié)構(gòu),在行為方面有很大的影響。


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