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P41：沙漠里的濕島-祁連山?

Qilian Mountains：A Wet Island Surrounded by Deserts

視頻鏈接：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1ez4y1C773?p=41

The Qilian Mountains, across China's Gansu and Qinghai provinces, stretch for about 800 kilometers from east to west. It's a huge mountain range composed of many parallel mountains. About one-third of the peaks of the Qilian Mountains are more than 4,000 meters above the sea. There are more than 3,000 glaciers storing tens of billions of cubic meters of water in solid form.

If all the glaciers were to melt, the water generated would be enough for a city of 20 million people to use for about 20 years.

However, this mounting system in Northwest China is an island surrounded by drought. The Qilian Mountains are bounded by deserts on three sides. To the east is the Loess Plateau with little rainfall. The glaciers in the mountains determine the fate of this area. Each time the weather gets warmer, the melted ice and snow of the Qilian Mountains brings life to the deserts of Northwest China.8

In the north of the Qilian Mountains, along the mountain range from east to west, melt-water from the ice and snow nourishes a narrow area of about 1,200 kilometres. This region, known as the Hexi Corridor, is an important part of the ancient Silk Road. For thousands of years, Asian and European civilizations have converged and collided here.

The Qilian Mountains still store 80% of the water in this land, continuously nourishing about 5 million people and 700,000 hectares of cultivated land.

P42：沙漠里最忠實(shí)的伙伴?The Most Loyal Partner in the Desert

視頻鏈接：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1ez4y1C773?p=42

Badain Jardan Desert, is located in northern China's Inner Mongolia. Mountains are formed through sand accumulation.?

The winds keep blowing the fine sand away, continually eroding them. Although only about 500 meters higher than the land around, it's enough to merit the title "The Highest Sand Mountain In The World."

The desert environment keeps most creatures away but is a perfect home for camels. After thousands of years of evolution, they are not only resistant to hunger and thirst, but also to high temperature and cold. In desert storms, they can even walk with their eyes closed.?

China is one of the main habitats for Bactrian camels in the world, but the ancestral home of camels is in North America, far away.

Millions of years ago, they migrated all the way across the Bering Strait into Eurasia and started to settle and thrive in their new home. About 4,000 years ago, Bactrian camels were domesticated. Since then, becoming mankind's most loyal partners in the desert.

P43：水和石頭的故事?The Story of Water and Stone

視頻鏈接：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1ez4y1C773?p=43

Yinxi Peak Forest is located in southern China's Guangdong province. With more than 1,000 peaks, the forest stretches for more than 20 kilometers across the flat land. These small peaks rising from the ground are the result of hundreds of millions of years of water erosion. This kind of land form is called Karst.?

Some 200 million years ago, there was a vast ocean here. In these seemingly hard Rocks, a large number of bones and minerals of marineorganisms have been found. Among them, calcium carbonate washed away by continuously running water. The shape ofthe Rocks changed as a result.?

Hundreds of millions of years of rain erosion has not only carved out peaks, but also scoured out caves underground. The minerals dissolved in the water were deposited here, turning the caves into great halls full of grand columns. The continuous flow of water caused some of these caves to collapse. And the caste contributed a new geomorphic type - sinkholes.

This may appear to us as an eye, but it is a sinkhole. The battle between water and Rock has crafted Yingxi Peak Forest into a fantastic landscape.

P44：水下公路?The Road Under the Water

視頻鏈接：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1ez4y1C773?p=44

In southern China, there is a famous road built across Poyang Lake, China's largest freshwater lake. The people of China call it “the most beautiful road under the water”.

Towards the end of May every year, this road begins to attract a lot of attention.

The color of the lake either side begins to change into two different tones. The surface of the road is so close to the water level of the lake. As you drive along the viewer head is broad and bright. It feels as though you are riding a boat across the lake.?

People call it the road under the water. For the next few months, this road is no longer just above the surface, but deep under water.?

As the water level of Poyang Lake rises, the road is gradually flooded. Although drivers can no longer see the road surface, they can still drive across safely by keeping within the guardrails on either side.?

For thrill seeking motorists, it's like driving an amphibious supercar. As the water levels continue to rise, after a few days, the entire road will be completely submerged.?

Eventually, a few months later, the road reappears again.

P45：海蝕地貌博物館?Museum of Marine Erosion Landforms

視頻鏈接：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1ez4y1C773?p=45

Pingtan Island is located off the southeast coast of China. The erosion of the land by the action of the sea has formed various kinds of Rock formations. Pingtan Island is known as the "Museum of Marine Erosion Landforms" because of the rich variety of formations here.

This Fairytale Scene of the East China Sea is typical of marine erosion landforms in the area. It's naturally formed shaft has a diameter of nearly 50 meters and a depth of 40 meters.

Along side the shaft, there is a huge canyon, which looks like a mountain split in two.

Pingtan Island is a world of stones. On the island there are many strange Rock formations, among which the most famous are the Banyang Stone Sail and the God of Haitan. They are also known as the "Double Wonders" of Pingtan Island. The Banyang Stone Sail is the world's largest granite spherical weathered marine erosion column. The reef looks like a big ship, with the two massive boulders as its double sails.

There are many marine erosion landforms on the island, such as the Nanzhai Stone Forest group with its variety of different shapes, unpredictable marine erosion caves, and scattered marine erosion platforms and terraces. They are unique landscapes shaped by the magical power of nature.

P46：天然的巖溶博物館?Natural Karst Museum

視頻鏈接：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1ez4y1C773?p=46

Over time, sand gathers to build strong towers. But drop by drop, the water washes them clean away. Imagine hundreds of millions of tons of water dripping for hundreds of millions of years. How then would the landscape look?

Maybe the Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau of China is how it would be.

The erosion of soluble Rocks by running water has resulted in a variety of karst landforms. The total karst area in China is 140,000 square kilometers, and Zhijin Cave National Geopark is just one of them.

Zhijin Grand Canyon is a miraculous natural landscape revered by geologists as "a top-class karst landscape." There are 7 natural bridges on the upper and lower levels which form a unique masterpiece among geoparks across China.

Corrosion by running water opens a window to a subterranean world. Zhijin Cave covers an area of more than 700,000 square meters, which is equivalent to 100 football fields. It takes about 3 hours to tour the whole cave.

The highest part of the cave is 50 stories. The huge karst deposits, measuring 200 metres in length.

Looked like an imposing sculpture or fresco.

Zhijin Cave is endowed with more than 40 types of cast cave deposits and presents a variety of wonders. The formation of Zhijin Cave has taken at least 2.5 billion years. Entering the cave is like stepping into a time tunnel. It feels as though you are no longer on Earth, but rather have stepped into a land of fantasy.

P47：五大連池的火山群?Volcanoes in Wudalianchi Scenic Area

視頻鏈接：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1ez4y1C773?p=47

These volcanoes are more than 200 years away from the last eruption. For volcanoes more than 200 years is not long at all. They are young volcanoes in China, but they have witnessed the birth of the Wudalian Scenic Area.

Erupting lava spread out in all directions. Some of it remained here, cooling and solidifying forming a black gray lava plateau measuring hundreds of square kilometers wide, commonly known as the Rock Field.

More lava flowed along the terrain, blocking the path of the river below, eventually forming five beaded lakes.

The lakes are interconnected, and they are known as the "Wudalianchi," namely, Five Connected Lakes. With 14 volcanoes nearby, Wudalianchi with its concentration of typical volcanic landforms, is a giant natural volcano museum.

After hundreds of years, human beings, birds and animals, and vegetation have together reshaped the appearance of this land. South Globe Mountain has become the symbol of Wudalianchi, not only because it's the oldest of the 14 volcanoes, but also because there is a naturally formed lake at its top. In winter, it is covered with snow. But in the sun, the volcanic Rock beneath is exposed, creating a black-and-white volcanic spectacle.

In the bright sunlight, this volcano museum becomes a landscape beyond the imagination.

P48：中國(guó)南海的奇絕秘境?A Mysterious Place in the South China Sea

視頻鏈接：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1ez4y1C773?p=48

Starting from Hainan Island, the southernmost province of China, you can reach Sansha City in the southern tip, by this transportation supply ship.

Sansha is made up of more than 280 islands, sandbars, reefs and other sea areas.

April to May are the most beautiful seasons in this part of China. The sea is colorful, with an average visibility of more than 30 meters.?

Looking down from a high altitude, the islands in front of us do not seem to be connected with each other, but they are known as the Seven Connected Islets.

That's because beneath the sea, there is a huge reef holding them together, forming a common foundation for the little islands.?

As the tide rises and falls, they display a variety of features. most of the islets here are made up of coral remains. Coral secretes limestone, which becomes their living shells. They gather together and grow and multiply from generation to generations.

Layer upon layer of limestone is added and then compacted to form the coral reef we see today.?

This reef is still growing, towards the sea, at a rate of about 2.5 centimeters per year.

P49：大漠奇觀：月牙泉?Crescent Spring in the Desert

視頻鏈接：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1ez4y1C773?p=49

The Singing Sands Mountain is located in Dunhuang in western China.

As you walk through the quicksand or slide down a sand mounting, sometimes you can hear lamp noises from beneath your feet. Hence the name 'The Singing Sands Mountain'.

Nestling between the tall sand dunes, there is a little miracle.?

This spring, which looks like a crescent moon, has existed for thousands of years and has never dried up.

The formation and continuous existence of the Crescent Spring are all related to its topography. The flowing water converges here along the terrain and overflows through a porous geological layer to form the Crescent Spring.

Although it's extremely dry here, with the annual evaporation being more than 60 times that of the annual precipitation, the stable water source ensures a sustainable water supply to the spring.

It's also due to the low-lying terrain. Whenever there's a sandstorm, it forms an upward spiral airflow between the surroundings and mountains, sending the sand at the foot back to the top of the sand mountain, saving the Crescent Spring from being swallowed by quicksand.

The ancient Silk Road once passed by the Crescent Spring. And today, it has become a romantic paradise for visitors.

P50：榕樹(shù)的城市?The City of the Banyan Tree

視頻鏈接：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1ez4y1C773?p=50

Fuzhou, the capital of Fujian province in Southeast China, has a well-known nickname "The City of the Banyan Tree."

The artificial planting of banyan trees has been underway in Fuzhou since the end of the Tang Dynasty. Meaning, banyan trees have been planted in Fuzhou for thousands of years.?

Especially in the Northern Song Dynasty, Zhang Boyu, the governor of the state, advocated that "the whole city should be green, and no parasols should be needed in the summer." And so Fuzhou gained the reputation of "The City of The Banyan Tree."?

Banyan trees are evergreen, with luxuriant branches and leaves. There are nearly 1,000 ancient banyan trees in Fuzhou, which have come to symbolize the spirit of the city.

The thousand-year old banyan tree in Fuzhou National Forest Park is known as the largest banyan tree in Fuzhou. With a height of 20 meters and the ground projection area of the canopy more than 1,330 square meters, this tree is truly spectacular.?

When spring comes, about half of its crown sprouts first, and when the old leaves gradually fall off, the other half of the crown begins to sprout, forming a pleasant scene with distinct layers and different colors.?

According to experts this banyan tree is likely to be two trees growing in one.?

And because Ficus cocinna has no clinging roots that reach the ground, in order to support the heavy horizontal trunk, and avoid the trunk breaking, the craftsman of the forest park have built concrete columns in the shape of clinging roots to support the trunk of the banyan tree, which is extending outwards, year by year.?

The King of Banyan Trees grows by the lake. In the scorching sun, the lake reflects the luxuriant branches and leaves of this ancient banyan tree, providing great shade for local people.

P51：飄在沼澤之上的花海?The Sea of Flowers on Swamps?

視頻鏈接：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1ez4y1C773?p=51

In eastern China, there is a sea of flowers blooming in the water.

Every spring, this gorgeous sea of flowers will attract countless tourists to appreciate the beautiful scenery. What people are seeing, is in fact a great example of Chinese intelligence.?

China's ancient philosophy, the harmonious interaction with nature, blooms and bears fruit here.

5,000 years ago, this was a beach. 3,000 years ago, the coastline moved eastward, and land apeared in the Xinhhua area. 1,000 years ago, to prevent floods, the hard-working and intelligent people in Xinghua excavated a network of deep ditches or streams in the swamps, and piled up the soil on one side, forming fields suitable for cultivation.

These fields, either square or round, wide or narrow, high or low, long or short, have different shapes and sizes. Big ones can be a kilometer wide, while the smaller ones just a few meters. They all have one thing in common, and that is, they are surrounded by water.?

The fields are not connected to each other, and look like isletss on the sea.?

Taking into account the local natural conditions, hardworking and intelligent local ancestors transformed low-lying wetlands unsuitable for agriculture into farmlands and fields, providing grains and vegetables for the local people.

But also, these fields have maintained the original water currents, as well as rivers and canals and the surrounding natural ecological environment. It has formed a new landscape representing the unity of man and nature.

Today, the unique landform of the Xinghua Fields has become a globally important agricultural cultural heritage.

Every spring, when oilseed rape flowers are in full bloom, as people meander between these fields in small boats. They say, "the boats walk in the water and the people swim in the flowers."

P52：貢嘎山下的五色彩池?The Colorful Pool Group under Mount Gongga

視頻鏈接：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1ez4y1C773?p=52

The Hengduan Mountains, located in southwestern China, offer some of the most magnificent scenery in the country. The main peak is called Mount Gangga.?

On the west slope of the mountain,at an altitude of about 4,000 meters, there is a large calcification pool group, locally called to Quanhuantan.

This group of calcification pools under Mount Gangga is hidden in a valley surrounded by mountains on three sides.

Large tracts of white calcified soil have tumbled down from a nearby hill, extending to the bottom of the valley and creating a colorful calcified pool.

At 4,300 metres above sea level, there is a hot spring spouting 1.5 metres high, and the water temperature is always around 30 degrees. It's the main source of water for Yulongxi Quanhuatan.

More than 900 meters long and 100 meters wide, the Quanhuatan has 8 Quanhua terraces down the mountain. There are more than a dozen colorful pools of different sizes and shapes on each terrace.

The various aquatic plies and hynobius salamanders in the colorful pond bring endless vitality to this ancient geological wonder.

And the algae for various colors at the bottom of the pond make the pool water even more colorful.

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